(book) A History of Pythagoreanism, edited by Carl A. Huffman (see Sixth-, fifth- and fourth-century Pythagoreans Leonid Zhmud, section 3)
How an Infinite Hotel Ran Out Of Room (YouTube video)
The Infinite Hotel Paradox - Jeff Dekofsky (YouTube video)
Gödel's incompleteness Theorem - Numberphile (YouTube video)
(book) Numerical Notation, A Comparitive History, by Stephen Chrisomalis
(book) Number Words and Number Symbols, A Cultural History of Numbers by Karl Menninger
(book) Through the Language Glass, Why the World Looks Different in Other Languages by Guy Deutscher
(book) You can also find interesting discussions in Chapters 1 and 3 of Reading: the Grand Illusion, How and Why People Make Sense of Print by Ken Goodman, Peter H. Fries, and Steven L. Strauss